Managing uncertainty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Overseeing vulnerability - Essay Example Furthermore, millennial are additionally ready to face challenges and exceptionally instructed contrasted with the former ages. These distinctions will undoubtedly bring about some erosion at the working environment, where in the past it has been noticed that associations have picked to leave them to determine themselves. Be that as it may, this is ending up being unfruitful as millennial are leaving the workforce to begin their own organizations and work as specialists. Having understood their significance, associations need to distinguish methods of pulling in and holding this workforce just as guaranteeing they work in attachment with the more established age (Cahill et al 2012, p.4). Well known sociology has endeavored to arrange the living ages into five-develops/veterans or manufacturers, children of post war America, and the resulting age X, Y and Z. By and by, children of post war America, age X and Y are the ones effectively occupied with the workforce. Each age is related t o its own one of a kind qualities with the gen X-ers conceived between mid-1940s and mid-1950s, and developers ordinarily in their late 60s and 70s, sharing a likeness of having the option to work for extended periods of time in an auxiliary way. While the rest are known for being adaptable, having an expanded comprehension of innovation and generally looking for a healthy lifestyle, the last being especially so for age X conceived between mid-1960s to mid 1980s. The test for HR experts lies in finding some kind of harmony between addressing the necessities of an association and the prospering desires for the multigenerational workforce. For the most part, age Y and Z want to have an adaptable work routine that infers them not being attached to the workplace an entire day. Strikingly likewise, associations are confronted with the tough assignment of perceiving and managing the contending issues of age Y and Z and the customers/clients which may not be totally unrelated. HR administr ators need to perceive and value the various perspectives held by a multigenerational workforce (Mitchell 2008, p.666). Associations need to reevaluate their necessities and objectives from a comprehensive point of view and structure a set of working responsibilities that will offer representatives an open door for development alongside different obligations; which thusly will bring about them being held and fulfilled in their activity. This is confounded by the way that there will be miscommunications, confusions and separations in a multigenerational workforce, concerning work duty and qualification. Likewise, operational zones, for example, bleeding edge representatives have must be rebuilt as the board rehearses have developed throughout the years and methods of correspondence have changed from top-down, task-based directions to straight contemporary methods of conveying. Administrative positions have likewise gotten superfluous attributable to efficiencies made by ongoing offic e innovations. This suggests certain positions have gotten repetitive and representatives who have been with an association over an extensive stretch should have their earlier positions reevaluated. HR supervisors should look to their qualities and dispense new obligations as needs be instead of releasing them as their experience makes an open door for mentorship to the more youthful, approaching workforce (Mosley and Kaspar 2008, p.94). Moreover, HR administrators have

Lafarge Financial Statements Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Lafarge Financial Statements - Case Study Example The pattern examination of Lafarge's P&L explanation shows that the expansion in organization's deals has been steady throughout the years with a climb in deals by about 17% in 2005. The expense of deals has likewise been ascending with the expansion in deals and they have at long last mounted by about 17% during the last money related year. It mirrors that the rate change in deals is practically same as the rate change in cost of deals, anyway a decrease in deterioration account by 4.1% has amplified the organization's gross benefit by 22% in 2005. The SG&A have extended radically during the year 2005 i.e., by 13% (1.2% in 2004). In any case, because of a significant increment in net benefit, the organization figured out how to show an ascent in the working salary by about 32%. The organization has had a significant decrease in the intrigue payable for a long time, anyway it appears to have revamped during 2005. The organization's pre-charge pay had declined by nearly 3% in 2004, which recuperated shockingly with an expansion of 36% in 2005 when contrasted with the year 2003. With a half increment in total compensation, the organization's held income has prospered by 54% while the profit conveyed have expanded by 41%. Hence, an examination of benefit and misfortune proposes that the organization has ascended from the decay that occurred in its money related execution in 2004. Three-Year Earning Per Share Analysis EPS 2005 2004 2003 Gaining Per Share 6.39 5.16 4.92 Normal investors and potential financial specialists in like manner stock first glance at an organization's gaining record (Meigs and Meigs, p934, 1993). The EPS examination of Lafarge's budget summaries mirrors that the organization has had an expanding pattern in the profit per share throughout the previous three years. The organization's EPS expanded by 4.8% in the year 2004, which further rose by practically 24% in 2005. This abrupt upgrade of the organization's income has likewise been obvious in its P&L proclamation, which features a wonderful change in the organization's budgetary presentation in the year 2005 inferable from an extraordinary increment in deals income. EBITDA Analysis EBITDA 2005 2004 2003 Lafarge Group 14.8% 14.7% 14.2% Concrete 23.3% 23.0% 23.0% Totals and Concrete 7.4% 7.1% 6.3% Gypsum Products 10.3% 9.6% 7.0% Material 6.5% 10.0% 9.4% Claim to fame items - 285.7% - 128.3% - 38.7% EBITDA alludes to the Earnings Before Interest, Taxation, Depreciation and Amortization. Accordingly this examination considers all the significant expenses and costs other than the things referenced previously. The EBITDA edges introduced in the above chart mirror an isolated perspective on the organization's income as far as the gathering all in all and its auxiliaries (based on items). The gathering's EBITDA edge speaks to a steady and unobtrusive ascent in the organization's profit, which is a summarize of its auxiliaries. Concrete and A&C are additionally having a steady inspire in income, while Gypsum items segment is demonstrating an amazing development regarding EBITDA. Material's profit have declined in the year 2005 though the forte items segment has had a generous increment in the declining condition of income, which

5 Personal Loan Dangers (and How to Avoid Them!)

5 Personal Loan Dangers (and How to Avoid Them!) 5 Personal Loan Dangers (And How To Avoid Them!) 5 Personal Loan Dangers (And How To Avoid Them!)A personal loan is like a trail map: Use it correctly and you can reach your financial destination. Use it incorrectly, and you can fall further into debt.The summer is a fantastic time of year to go for a hike. After all, who doesn’t love the smell of fresh pine needles, mountain flowers and… is that a skunk? Any experienced hiker will tell you that going for a long hike without knowing what to expect can be pretty dangerous.Just like hiking, taking out a personal loan requires knowing the hazards. Learn how to avoid these five personal loan dangers before selecting a lender.1. Taking out a loan for the wrong reasonIf you’re considering a personal loan, be sure to explore all of your options before borrowing. Maybe you have a friend or family member that could lend you money. Perhaps your employer wouldn’t mind advancing you some cash. Could you pick up some extra hours or a part-time job to get the money you need?If you only n eed a small amount of money, a personal loan probably isn’t your best option. However, if you’re dealing with a high-cost emergency  high-cost emergency, like a car repair or medical bill, then you may very well need it.Before you borrow, ask yourself if the money you’re requesting is for a need or a want. Paying for a sweet new mountain bike? That’s a want. You don’t actually need it. But paying the ER bill for the broken leg you suffered while riding your sweet new mountain bike? That’s most definitely a need.(And if you are dealing with a serious high-cost emergencyâ€"and we hope youre notâ€"check out our blog post on  how to handle major financial emergencies.)2. Taking the first loan you’re offeredIt’s 2016! The American consumer has more power now than ever before. In the past, we may have believed what we were told on television, in the newspaper, and on the radio. But now, thanks to the internet, it’s the people who have the power.Check out the The OppLoans Guide to Safe Personal Loans for tips on what to look for in both a loan and a lender. And remember: if you don’t like what one lender is offering, then you should look for a better offer! And don’t just check out a company’s loans, look at their ratings and customer reviews, too. Do their customers like working with them? Are they reasonable, friendly, responsible? Are they accredited by the Better Business Bureau? Read their customer reviews on sites like Google and Lending Tree.If you were buying camping gear for a multi-day hike, you wouldn’t just buy the first tent you saw. The same goes for a personal loan. Taking some time to shop around for the best possible loan could end up saving you a lot of time, money, and hassle.3. Skipping the fine printSome lenders may try to pressure you into signing in a hurry. They may want you to miss certain details like additional fees and charges. Make sure that you read the entire contract before you sign it. Plus, the very fact tha t a lender tried to pressure you is a huge red flag. It’s the rattle that lets you know there’s a snake.If you dont understand something about your loan, ask.The main aspects you’ll want to know before agreeing to the loan are 1)The APR, 2) The length of the term, 3) The amount of your payments, and 4) Whether the interest rate is fixed or variable. A fixed rate means the interest stays the same throughout the life of the loan, while a variable interest rate can go up and down.4. Accepting More Than You NeedAnother tactic that some lenders will employ is offering you more money than what you need. This can lead to higher monthly payments and more money spent in interest and fees. Find out exactly how much you need, and don’t be talked into borrowing more (read more in How to Stay Safe With a Bad Credit Loan).You’ll also want to know how much you can afford in monthly payments. It’s like a hiker knowing how much weight they can carry in their backpack: If your monthly pay ments are more than you can handle, you won’t make it to the end of the trail. The best way to find out how much you can afford is to construct a monthly budget before agreeing to a new loan. If you need help figuring out your budget, check out this awesome budget calculator!5. Payday, Title, Pawn ShopThese three types of loans are widely accepted as some of the riskiest and most expensive options out there. They are often labelled as “predatory loans.” And if there’s one thing you want to do when hiking, it’s avoid predators.All three of these loans tend to come with extremely high interest rates and very unreasonable terms. With a payday loan, you can almost guarantee you’ll be paying an obscene amount in interest and additional fees. And title loans? They require you to use your vehicle as collateral to obtain a high-cost, short-term loan. Many customers end up paying thousands of dollars in interest fees just to avoid losing their car or truck. Lastly, pawn shop loan s are usually very small but come with high interest, short terms, and additional fees.[1]It’s a good idea to avoid these types of lenders. They won’t ever leave you whistling “Happy Trails.” Besides, there are plenty of other safe and affordable options out there. OppLoans for instance, offers borrowers safer personal installment loans with longer terms, and interest rates that are up to 125% less than payday loans. If you’re in need of some quick cash, apply today!Visit OppLoans on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedINReferences:[1] Lee, Jenna “The Ugly Truth About Payday, Pawn Shop and Car Title Loans” U.S. News. May 25, 2014. Accessed July 20, 2016. AOL.com

COUN 502 Developmental Analysis Paper - 2771 Words

Developmental Analysis Paper Tianna N. Johnson Liberty University December 7, 2014 ABSTRACT Human growth and development over a lifetime shows how a person evolves from birth to the time of death. Psychologists study the development of children teaching influencing their future. My childhood experiences influences my adulthood, but I have to show maturity. Does this mean that I do the same things I did as I child? What kind of growth did I show from elementary age to high school age? How much of my child will influence my decision-making as I move forward in my developmental stages? Does my spiritual have an impact on how I view myself? I have to take a step back into my past to view my challenges and obstacles. My†¦show more content†¦During this stage, this is where my family structure became different from what the first seven years of my life consisted of. There was a transition from me being the only child in my family. My parents decided to have another child. I was devastated and became very upset because, in my mind, I was going to have to share my parents with someone else. Studies show that, â€Å"Younger firstborns did appear to have more reported problems than older firstborns, in general. They were more likely to show increases in clinging and seeking adult attention, more distress over time, more time wandering, more withdrawal and had more toileting and night-time accidents† (Volling, 2012). I did not have nighttime accidents until my brother was born. I did not understand why I was doing it, but it caused my parents give me more attention when I done it. Every time someone showed my brother attention, such as playing with him or holding him, I became very jealous and did things to get attention even if that meant I had to do something bad to be disobedient to my parents. It was once I began to get out of control when things began to change. Ephesians 6:1-3 says, â€Å"Children, obey your parents in the Lord: for this is right; Honour thy father and mother; (which is the first commandment with promise; that it may be well with thee, and thou mayest live long on the earth† (KJV). This was the verse that my parents begin teaching me during this time because my behavior wasShow MoreRelatedDementia: How and Whom Does It Affect?5576 Words   |  23 PagesAffect? Liberty University COUNS 502 B-23LUO Instructor: Dr. Richard Pace Shelly M. Becker March 5, 2013 DEMENTIA: HOW AND WHOM DOES IT AFFECT? 2 Abstract Although dementia is often viewed as an â€Å"old person’s disorder, its effects ripple down in many directions such as family, caregivers, finances, and the healthcare system, leaving behind many unanswered questions and confusion for all. The purpose of this paper will be to answer some ofRead MoreDevelopmental Analysis Essay3291 Words   |  14 Pagesï » ¿ Developmental Analysis Liberty University Abstract This paper serves to apply the knowledge learned throughout the course, COUN 502, to the development and growth in my lifespan. I will aim to demonstrate a working knowledge of the theories, terminology, and concepts of human growth and development. I will show how these disciplines apply to my own life experiences and how I did throughout my key life events, through the use of empirical studies. Developmental Analysis Although I wouldRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pagesmost of the fastest-growing occupations percentagewise are related to information technology or health care. The increase in the technology jobs is due to the rapid increase in the use of information technology, such as databases, system design and analysis, and desktop publishing. The health care jobs are growing as a result of the aging of the U.S. population and workforce, a factor discussed later. Chapter 1 Changing Nature of Human Resource Management 5 FIGURE 1—1 The 10 Occupations withRead MoreMedicare Policy Analysis447966 Words   |  1792 PagesCONGENITAL OR DEVELOPMENTAL 7 DEFORMITY OR DISORDER. 8 9 ‘‘(a) REQUIREMENTS DREN FOR TREATMENT FOR CHIL- WITH DEFORMITIES.— 10 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—A group health plan, and a 11 health insurance issuer offering group health insur- 12 ance coverage, that provides coverage for surgical 13 benefits shall provide coverage for outpatient and in- 14 patient diagnosis and treatment of a minor child’s 15 congenital or developmental deformity

6 Steps of the Scientific Method

The scientific method is a systematic way of learning about the world around us and answering questions. The key difference between the scientific method and other ways of acquiring knowledge are forming a hypothesis and then testing it with an experiment. The Six Steps The number of steps can vary from one description to another (which mainly happens when data and analysis are separated into separate steps), however, this is a fairly standard list of the six  scientific method steps that you are expected to know for any science class: Purpose/QuestionAsk a question.ResearchConduct background research. Write down your sources so you can cite your references. In the modern era, a lot of your research may be conducted online. Scroll to the bottom of articles to check the references. Even if you cant access the full text of a published article, you can usually view the abstract to see the summary of other experiments. Interview experts on a topic. The more you know about a subject, the easier it will be to conduct your investigation.HypothesisPropose a hypothesis. This is a sort of educated guess about what you expect. It is a statement used to predict the outcome of an experiment. Usually, a hypothesis is written in terms of cause and effect. Alternatively, it may describe the relationship between two phenomena. One type of hypothesis is the null hypothesis or the no-difference hypothesis. This is an easy type of hypothesis to test because it assumes changing a variable will have no effect on the outcome. In reality, you probably expect a change but rejecting a hypothesis may be more useful than accepting one.ExperimentDesign and perform an experiment to test your hypothesis. An experiment has an independent and dependent variable. You change or control the independent variable and record the effect it has on the dependent variable. Its important to change only one variable for an experiment rather than try to combine the effects of variables in an experiment. For example, if you want to test the effects of light intensity and fertilizer concentration on the growth rate of a plant, youre really looking at two separate experiments.Data/AnalysisRecord observations and analyze the meaning of the data. Often, youll prepare a table or graph of the data. Dont throw out data points you think are bad or that dont support your predictions. Some of the most incredible discoveries in science were made because the data looked wrong! Once you have the data, you may need to perform a mathematical analysis to support or refute your hypothesis.ConclusionConclude whether to accept or reject your hypothesis. There is no right or wrong outcome to an experiment, so either result is fine. Accepting a hypothesis does not necessarily mean its correct! Sometimes repeating an experiment may give a different result. In other cases, a hypothesis may predict an outcome, yet you might draw an incorrect conclusion. Communicate your results. The results may be compiled into a lab report or formally submitted as a paper. Whether you accept or reject the hypothesis, you likely learned something about the subject and may wish to revise the original hypothesis or form a new one for a future experiment. When Are There Seven Steps? Sometimes the scientific method is taught with seven steps instead of six. In this model, the first step of the scientific method is to make observations. Really, even if you dont make observations formally, you think about prior experiences with a subject in order to ask a question or solve a problem. Formal observations are a type of brainstorming that can help you find an idea and form a hypothesis. Observe your subject and record everything about it. Include colors, timing, sounds, temperatures, changes, behavior, and anything that strikes you as interesting or significant. Variables When you design an experiment, you are controlling and measuring variables. There are three types of variables: Controlled Variables:  You can have as many  controlled variables  as you like. These are parts of the experiment that you try to keep constant throughout an experiment so that they wont interfere with your test. Writing down controlled variables is a good idea because it helps make your experiment  reproducible, which is important in science! If you have trouble duplicating results from one experiment to another, there may be a controlled variable that you missed.Independent Variable:  This is the variable you control.Dependent Variable:  This is the variable you measure. It is called the  dependent variable  because it  depends  on the independent variable.

Mid Summer nights Dream Essays - 1043 Words

1. What kind of CONFLICT do we see in ACT I, Scene I? Who is involved? Egeus is a father that only wants best for his daughter Hermia. Hermia is in love with a man named Lysander, and the man her father wants her to marry is Demetrius. Lysander thinks up of an idea and tells Hermia to sneak out into the woods the next night so that they may get married at his aunt’s house just outside of Athens. Helena, Hermia best friend loves Demetrius, but realizes he only has eyes for Hermia. Helena tells Demetrius about Lysanders plan hoping that he will love Helena. So the conflict in this scene is that Egeus does not want his daughter to marry Lysander. But instead they both elope. 2. Explicate Hermia and Lysanders exchange re love in ACT I, Scene†¦show more content†¦4. Who are the players and why are they in the woods outside of Athens? The players are Peter Quince, Nick Bottom, Francis Flute, Tom Snout, Snug, and Robin Starveling. They are gathered to perform for the Duke’s Wedding. The play is meant to be a tragedy and a comedy at the same time. They all go out to the woods; witch is outside the city so they can rehearse their parts for the play. 5. Who is PUCK? What is he like? Robin Goodfellow is the man that plays as puck. He is a harmful annoying, trouble maker that causes most of the trouble in the play. He also stirs up a huge conflict with peoples love for one another. 6. Are Oberon and Titania happy w/ each other in ACT II, Scene I? Why or Why not? What kind of impact does this have on their realm? Oberon and Titania are not happy with each other and start to argue on stage, and both of them accuse each other of infidelity and jealousy. Titania is accused of have stolen a young boy, which she keeps with her and spends time caring for him. Oberon is jealous of all the attention the boy is getting and demands that Titania give the boy to him, but she refuses. Titania falls in love with Nick Bottom due to the powers of the juice from the flower. Nick Bottom is presented as a donkey (ass). 7. What is Oberons plan regarding Titania? Oberon wants revenge for embarrassingShow MoreRelatedMid Summer Nights Dream1562 Words   |  7 Pagessame validity as my handwritten signature.    Students  signature (name typed here is equivalent to a signature):   ___Ahmad Frank Safieh ________________________ ___ Option #1 Battle of the Sexes In Shakespeare’s play titled A Midsummer Nights Dream, there are a few underlying themes throughout the play. The one I will be focusing on is the battle of the sexes that occurs in the play between the couples in the fairy world, and in the â€Å"real world.† We see unusual styles of courting women, andRead MoreContrasting Places in a Mid Summer Nights Dream Essay1409 Words   |  6 PagesVs. Chaos A Midsummer Night’s Dream Contrasting places have been used in many works of literature throughout history to strengthen the meaning of stories. The use of two different settings within one story often represents opposed forces or ideas, and allows readers to get a better grasp of the meaning behind the story. William Shakespeare uses the differences between Athens and the Forest to strengthen the theme of his story in the play A Midsummer Night’s Dream. In the city of Athens’ thereRead MoreThe Great Gatsby Research Paper1217 Words   |  5 Pagescheating and being self centered. The characters can also find new wealth through desperate and dishonest means. Jay Gatsby gains most of his wealth through inheritance. Gatsby thinks that wealth will buy him the love of Daisy and the life which he dreams of. In addition Gatsby has also made his fortune through criminal activity, as he is willing to do anything to gain the social position he thinks necessary to win Daisy. The Valley of Ashes represents the socially unaccepted. The charactersRead MorePersonal Narrative Story Short Story1619 Words   |  7 PagesI grew up in the mid nineties on the West Coast along the shores of Oregon. There were many nights of the seeming endless summer where my cousins, siblings and I would spin tales of great horror and gore. Tales of stumbling corpses coming back to avenge their deaths; deals with the devil where the soulless few would meet the worst death’s imaged, conjured up by six preteen minds. Oh, I can still smell the burning firewood, a small fire created by branches we found along the sand and a stolen lighterRead More Daisy Buchanan : The Great Gatsby Essay991 Words   |  4 Pagesflames before her. The architecture of the colonial style mansion further demonstrates Daisys old money, high social standing, or in other words the American Dream. The American dream being if you work hard to pursue money it will in return buy you happiness. Even though Daisy used her wealth for the benefit of buying the dream life she remains miserable. Throughout the novel Fitzgerald carefully describes the weather and/or season of each passing stage in the novel forRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1476 Words   |  6 Pagessoundtrack of the 1977 film Saturday Night Fever includes groovy songs that complement the tone of the film. The suspenseful notes of the Jaws theme suggests that danger is approaching. The soundtrack to Baz Luhrman’s The Great Gatsby is a tasteful collection of songs from artists of different genres. Through this amalgamation of genres and lyrics, the integrity of the F. Scott Fitzgerald’s piece is well maintained. The events of The Great Gatsby took place during the summer of 1922, a time when AmericanRead MoreGraduation Speech : My Best Friend905 Words   |  4 PagesMid summer of 2012 I met my best friend, hes some kind of wonderful. His smile can light up any moment, his eyes are like a piercing radiance surrounded by long, deep, dark brown lashes. So tall and muscular, always ready to stand his grounds or stand up for a loved one; meanwhile, a big teddy bear behind closed doors. He is unexplainable in a way, I could go on for days and he still wouldn’t be clear enough. I moved in with this man within just a few days of being introduced to him. During the bigRead MoreLong Days Journey Into Night1459 Words   |  6 Pages In Long Day’s Journey into Night, a four act play by Eugene O’Neill, the audience/reader is given a glimpse into a day in the life of the Tyrone Family. We are introduced to the mother Mary , father James, oldest son Jamie and youngest son Edmund . The setting is the Tyrone’s summer home, of a day in August 1912. As typical in all his works, O’Neill uses symbols throughout the play as he weaves his story of the dysfunctional Tyrone family. These symbols include Mary’s hands, the fog, foghornRead More The Supernatural in Shakespeares Works Essay1747 Words   |  7 Pagesbeliefs about the supernatural. Magic and supernatural beings occur in one-forth of Shakespeare-s comedies, 60% of his plays, and 60% of his tragedies (Hoffman67). Witches appear in Macbeth, a ghost appears in Hamlet, and fairies appear in A Mid-Summer Nights Dream. In addition, magic cures are given in All’s Well, evil curses are chanted in Richard III, and prophecies are told in Julius Caesar. Most of Shakespeare’s works contain some form of the supernatural. Shakespeare, however, was too great ofRead MoreMy Experience At The Burj Al Arab886 Words   |  4 PagesI’ve mentioned places I wouldn’t mind vacationing. 3. After all it is mid-summer, hot and beautiful climate. Whatever it is, it’s very intriguing. II. Vacation. A. Before he went above and beyond but never this astonishing. 1. He’d left a note on the bed for a scavenger hunt for our proposal, but this is different. III. On the other hand, I’m just imagining one day my husband will swept me off my feet and take me to my dream vacation place in Dubai at The Burj Al Arab. A. Why Burj Al Arab, it’s

International Market for Monopolistic Behaviour- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theInternational Market Entry for Monopolistic Behaviour. Answer: The country selected is Albania and this essay reflects on the socio-political condition of the country that poses a threat to a company wanting to invest in this country. This essay analyzes the areas of conflict within the country and political state that proves to be a hindrance for carrying out trading. Their economic model revolved around national self-reliance and an economic autarchy policy was adopted. This resulted in a misorientation of economic structure of Albanian economy. Extreme diversification related to production and poor performance of technology was the significant setbacks of the economic condition of Algeria (Durham, 2017). Productivity, price and cost was not measured and compared that caused damage to the socio-economic system. There were mismanagement problems on account of centralization of production. Internal industrial market was driven by the monopolistic behaviour of a very large scale and this acted as an obstacle for the investors. Structural weakness exists within the country that slows down the economic performance and structural problems exist in the energy sector. It is necessary to strengthen the budgetary framework and adopt fiscal laws that will enable the investors use this place as a big potential for investment. Sustainable economic growth can help in bringing about a economic model that can make it a potential site for the investors. A lot of amendments concerning public-private ownership can support the small enterprises and attract foreign investment (Keil, 2015). The new relationship between public-private contracting can enable the standardization and can bring in more money for the economy of Albania. References: Durham, M. E. (2017).High Albania. Lulu. com. Keil, S. (2015). The political conditions of economic development in the Western Balkans.S dosteuropa Mitteilungen,55(2), 82-94.

Donner Company Essay Example

Donner Company Paper The company has specialized in making circuit boards for experimental devices and for pilot production runs. The basic work process can be divided into three important stages preparation, image transfer and fabrication. The companys president Edward Plumper believes that the company is more adept than its competitors at anticipating and resolving problems inherent in new designs and prototype production techniques due to highly skillful employees with substantial experience that the company has employed. It supplies the schoolmarm over bare copper (SMOOCH) boards under the made-to-order setup, resulting in high variety but low volume and the company charging a premium on its boards. However, this competitive edge has been compromised due to problems being faced in terms of productivity (caused bottlenecks, shifting bottlenecks and improper utilization of labor), quality of the product being manufactured (high rate of product return has been a major problem), and problems associated with the delivery of the final order (most of the shipments are dispatched towards the end of the month). These problems have begun to hamper the overall performance of the firm, and the management has started evaluating the companys position and different strategic policies to overcome those problems. Process Flower process comprises of 3 distinct stages: Preparation of image, Image transfer on the laminate panel and Fabrication into desired profile (size and shape). At the end of the fabrication stage, the circuit boards are inspected, checked and packed, and stored for dispatch in racks of 20 panels. We will write a custom essay sample on Donner Company specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Donner Company specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Donner Company specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Although some operations are modified for several orders each week depending on customer requirements, a typical work cycle is shown below. Donned had invested $80,000 in buying a technologically advanced CNN machine to perform the drilling and router functions. These processes can also be performed annually, hence, it becomes extremely important to decide when to use the machine and when to perform the action manually. During the drilling step of Image Transfer stage, the standard process involves the use of either automated CNN Drill or Manual drill to complete this step. Both these drills differ in terms of their setup and run times. For the profiling step of Fabrication, either Punch Press or automated CNN Router can be deployed for the process depending on the number of circuit boards in the order. We have done the breakable point analysis to decide the objective criteria for the use of the drills as well as profilers. Breakable point analysis Table 1 : Image Transfer stage: Drilling (CNN Drill vs.. Manual drill) CNN Drill Manual Drill Set up time for 1 order 240 15 Run time per hole (1 circuit board has 500 drilled holes) 0. 04 0. 08 Number of circuit boards N N Total time (setup time + Run time) 1 Breakable point: 240 + = 1 5 + N = 5. 92-6 Hence, we conclude that for orders with 6 or lesser units of circuit boards, there is no need to use the CNN machine for drilling purpose: Manual drilling will suffice. For orders above 6 units, the use of CNN drill will reduce the processing time as compared to manual drilling. Hence, in such a scenario it mak es more sense to employ CNN machine in the drilling process. Table 2 : Fabrication stage: Profiling (CNN Router vs.. Punch Press) CNN Router Punch Press Set up time for 1 order 150 50 Run time per circuit board 0. 5 1 Number of circuit boards N N Total time (Setup time + Run time) 150+0. 5*N 50+1 *N 200 Breakable point: 150+ 0. 5*N = 50+ As can be observed from the calculation above, the CNN Router should be put into use when the number of circuit boards is greater than 200 whereas Manual Drilling should be employed when the order size involves lesser than 200 circuit boards orders. This decision will prove economical for Donned both in terms of costs and processing times. However, we loosely analyze Exhibit 2 (mentioned in the case), to calculate the implied utilization of the CNN machine for drilling. Stage Demand (in hrs) Capacity (in hrs) Implied Utilization CNN Drill, Image Transfer 196 20*8 = 160 196/160 = 122. 5 % Assuming, no. Of working days in a month = 20; No. Of working hours per day = 8 Table 4 This utilization of CNN drill (100%) for orders of circuit boards more than 100 shows that it will not be feasible to use it for smaller orders (greater than 6) Bottleneck Analysis We analyses the Dry Film Photocopies operation to identify the bottleneck in the recess. It is very important to understand the true capacity of any process in order to prevent bottlenecks and enable uniform distribution of work load across stages. If we assume that the maximum number of circuit boards that the photocopies area can accommodate is only 50, Donned should ensure that no more than 50 units reach it from the drilling stage. Orders with more than 50 units will result in creation of a bottleneck at the Photocopies stage and the efficiency of the entire manufacturing process stands to be compromised because of the pile up of the work. Because of the existence of multiple steps during this stage (with separate set up and run times), it is critical to analyses each step in detail to identify the creation of bottleneck. In Appendix B, we calculate the capacity of each stage for 8, 80, 800 circuit boards. No. Of boards 8 80 800 panel prep 738. 46 5485. 71 15360 Laminate and Expose 174. 54 960 1745. 45 Develop 190. 099 1745. 45 9600 Table 5 We can see from the above table that the capacity of the laminate and expose operation is varying depending on the number of circuit boards in the order size. This is creating inconsistency in identifying bottle neck in the process. Productivity It is difficult to evaluate the shop productivity precisely, the production bottleneck shifted daily from one operation to another resulting from differences in order size, from orders bypassing some operations , due the differences in circuit designs and the four-day rush orders (3 such orders per week). Thus, a number of machines were idle more often than expected (they ran at low capacity), pointing to process design inefficiency. Some of the major issues identified are: Time spend in reworking parts that failed inspection or were returned was not included The time squired for moving the boards between operations was also not reflected in the cycle time this resulted from the current layout of the operations in the plant Due to huge uncertainty, it is difficult to predict productivity precisely. Several machines were idle more often than expected and the time schedule did not include time spent reworking parts which failed inspection and returned by customers. The Job methods used for production have a scope of improvement and time standards are not feasible for any Job on the shop. The machining operations are kept isolated and separate from etching, plating and imaging. This is because the plating and etching processes release acid vapors, which may lead to corrosion of machine tools. Similarly, the machining operations create dust and affect the other processes. Due to such isolation, time taken between these processes/ stages is high. The operation is sequential in nature. However, for drilling operations, the management hasnt done a breakable analysis to choose between manual labor or to use the CNN machine for the same purpose. No effective Job improvements and constant shifting of workers from Job to Job and other immediate problems. Raw materials are currently simmered for fulfilling expedited orders. This may lead to an order remaining as a Work in Progress (WIPE) order, in the firms manufacturing stream for longer duration than necessary. This is further delayed as it requires another shipment that is now consumed by rush orders. Recommendations: The distance between the Machining and Plating divisions should be minimized as a lot of in-process time goes in between. However, in order to ensure that the other processes are not affected by acid vapors and dust, physical barriers such as partitions or vapor resistant screens can be used. This will serve the purpose, and at the same time will reduce the time spent in between. Donned Company should focus on completing small orders for Smocks. This will help enhance productivity gains, optimum labor utilization and improved quality assurance as the firm possesses both the experience and confidence to assure a high degree of success. Small orders do not require frequent changes in design and hence can thoroughly reduce the Work in Progress. Focusing on only small-volume orders would require the firm to increase their raw material inventory levels and well-planned and timely acquiring, but would also decrease the inefficiency of the raw material simmering process from hampering the entire process altogether. The idle time of labor can also be reduced as such orders will utilize the high skill-sets of the Donned employees. Moreover, by making such uniform order types will make it much more sustainable for the firm to plan resources and share information. Quality This factor was critical to increase the sales volume and recently the company has faced failures in maintaining the quality standards. Some of the major issues identified are: Customer returns increased from 1% to 3%, nine-tenths of which was because of failure to complete mom of the required operations. Failure to formally define quality from the customers end this resulted in sometimes bad shipments being accepted and the good ones being rejected 7% of the boards were rejected at the pre-shipment inspection stage (as of September), 6% of which were because of incomplete operations and then reworked. Recommendations: No formal inspection standard was available: A standard order with design specifications like tolerance etc. Must be taken from the customer during order placement. These order instructions must be followed unanimously across the production line by different workers. This will reduce the loss of one tenth of boards that had been returned because they were out of tolerance. 6% of 7% boards returned because Donned had missed or failed to complete one or two of the required operations: This is due to lack of information coordination between different workers handling various operations. Currently at Donned, until a Job was shipped, the factory order and blueprint were kept by Flattery who gave them to any worker requiring information. This may lead to loss of vital information among workers regarding the order process. Hence, a structured process flow consisting all operations must be communicated by David Flattery to the four assistant supervisors who spent about 10% of their time instructing the workers. These assistant supervisors must ensure that this process flow is maintained and all operations are performed. The inspection at the last stage must ensure all the specifications mentioned by the customer in the order manual are satisfied. Delivery The company promised to deliver boards order within 3 weeks and orders greater than 1000 circuit boards within 5 weeks of placing the order. But the orders were being delayed by more than a week because of some of the issues identified low: The current shipping policy of the company emphasized on clearing all the work out of the shop prior to the end of each month and thus the shipments were mostly done in the second half of each month No inventory was kept by the company, thus for each new order that was logged in searching for the raw material took 2 days and procurement of the same took 4 days. Small interruptions with regular operations were created by the 4-day rush orders and the small orders (8 circuit boards or less) being routed through Arthur Defied 25% of the delays due to design re- specification / hold Recommendations Shipping policy existent exerts pressure on quality delivered: Current shipping policy of Donned is heavily loaded in the last week of a month. Since the new orders are typically taken in the start of the month with a promise of three week delivery and 6% out of 7% rejected products are shipped again within two-three days, most of the shipping happens in the last week of the month.

Frequently Asked Questions About Sexual Assault and Abuse

Frequently Asked Questions About Sexual Assault and Abuse Protecting your child from sexual assault or helping your child if they have been sexually abused can be traumatic and confusing. Many people share the same questions and concerns. Here are comments, frequently asked question, and feedback about the topic of child abuse and sexual assault. 11 Common Frequently Asked Questions About Sexual Assault I am afraid of scaring my children by talking to them about sexual abuse, but I am also afraid not to talk to them about it. What should I do? Answer: There are many things that we teach our children to be careful about or about how to react to different scary situations. For example, how to cross the street (looking both ways) and what to do in the case of a fire (drop and roll). Add the topic of sexual abuse to the other safety tips that you give to your children and remember, the subject is often more frightening to parents than to their children. I do not know how to tell if someone is a sex offender. Its not like they wear a sign around their neck. Is there any sure way to identify them? Answer:  There is no way to tell who is a sex offender, with the exception of offenders listed on sex offender registries online. Even then, the chances that would recognize the offenders in a public place is questionable. That is why it is important to trust your instincts, keep an open dialog with your children, stay aware of your surroundings and the people involved with your children, and follow general safety guidelines. People may falsely accuse someone of being a sex offender or of being sexually abused.  How do you know for sure what or who to believe? Answer:  According to research, the crime of sexual assault is no more falsely reported than other crimes. In fact, victims of sexual assault, especially children, will often hide that they have been victimized because of self-blame, guilt, shame or fear. If someone (an adult or child) tells you that they have been sexually abused or identifies the person that sexually abused them, it is best to believe them and offer your full support. Avoid interrogating them and allow them  to decide the details that they are comfortable sharing with you. Help guide them to the proper channels for finding help. How does a parent possibly handle knowing that their child was sexually assaulted? I am fearful that I would fall apart. Answer: A common fear with children who have been victimized, is how their parents will react when they find out what has happened. Children want to make their parents happy, not upset them. They may feel ashamed and fear that it will somehow alter how a parent feels about them or relates to them. That is why it is paramount that if you know or suspect that your child has been sexually assaulted that you remain in control, make them feel safe, nurture them and show them your love. You must be strong and remember that the trauma that your child has endured is the issue. Redirecting the focus away from them to you, by displaying out of control emotions, is not be helpful. Find a support team and counseling to help you deal with your emotions so that you can remain strong for your child. How can children ever recover from such an experience? Answer:  Children are resilient. It has been shown that children who can talk about their experience with someone that they trust, often heals more quickly than those that keep it inside or who are not believed. Offering full parental support and providing the child with professional care can help the child and family to heal. Is it true that some children willingly participate in sexual activities and are partly to blame for what happened? Answer: Children cannot legally consent to sexual activity, even if they say that it was consensual. It is important to remember that  sexual abusers use deviant ways to gain control over their victims. They are highly manipulative, and it is common for them to make victims feel that they are to blame for the assault. If the child feels that they somehow caused the sexual assault, they will be less likely to tell their parents about it. When dealing with a child that has been sexually assaulted, it is important to reassure them that nothing that was done to them by an adult was their fault, no matter what the abuser did or said to make them feel otherwise. There is so much about sex offenders on the news. How can parents avoid being overprotective with their children? Answer: It is important that children learn how to react to the possible dangers that they may be confronted with in life. By being overprotective or exhibiting irrational fear, children tend to become helpless. It is more productive to teach children common sense, provide them with the information that can help them, and keep an open and inviting dialog going so that they feel safe to talk about their problems. I am fearful that I will not know that my child has been a victim. How can a parent tell? Answer:   Unfortunately, some children never tell that they have been victims of sexual abuse. However, the more informed parents are about what to look for, the better the odds are that they will recognize that something has happened to their child. Learn to keep close tabs on your instincts and look for any change in your childs behavior that is concerning. Do not dismiss thoughts that something might be wrong.   Is the court process terribly traumatic for child victims? Are they forced to relive the abuse? Answer:  Ã‚  Children who go through the court process often feel that they had regained the control that was lost when they were sexually assaulted. The court process can become part of the healing process. In many states, there are professionally trained personnel and child-friendly places designed to help child victims through the interview process. If my child is a victim of sexual abuse, does talking to them about it afterward make it worse? Answer:  Ã‚  A child should not feel that they are being forced to talk about being sexually assaulted. Be careful that you are opening the door for them to talk, but not forcing them through the door. Most children will open up when they are ready. It will help them to get to that point by knowing that when that time comes, you will be there for them. What should I do if I suspect someone is sexually abusing my child or child in the neighborhood? Answer:  Ã‚  It is best to contact the authorities and let them investigate. If you suspect the abuse because of something your child or another child told you, your primary role is to believe the child and give them your support.

Why the history should not be forgotten Is the memory of the Holocaust Essay

Why the history should not be forgotten Is the memory of the Holocaust used to foster divides in Europe How - Essay Example of global focus during this annual event and it uses the opportunity to assert its existence and the need to protect the nation from external aggression, mainly from the neighboring Arab communities. There are many arguments for and against commemoration of the Holocaust. Some people feel that the history should not be forgotten. Others argue that the memory of the Holocaust is used to foster divides in Europe and should be forgotten. Jews commemorate the Holocaust as part of their history reflecting the suffering they endured in Europe under the Nazi Germany. The global event is seen as a remembrance that not only acts as a lesson and a caution against human rights violation but also as a direction towards the right course for humanity as a whole. By virtue of it being an important lesson for humanity, it should not be forgotten. Generations will come and learn through the mistakes that the world made in the past and ensure that they do not reoccur. The Holocaust formed the foundation of the United Nations, which was an international organization viewed by all nations globally as the centre of hope for humanity and the future. Remembering the Holocaust promotes a shared resolve among nations to prevent such terror from ever happening anywhere else in the world. The commemoration represents an unmistakable resolution of nations, focused at appreciating that if nations identify with the ideals they protect, they c an be preserved (Lecomte, 2006). A national day of the liberation of Auschwitz is observed in Germany when the victims of state socialism are also remembered. For the survivors, the events of Auschwitz still linger in their minds. Those whose loved ones were killed in the concentration camps still visit the sites where these camps were located in Poland and they have a right to remember, reflect and narrate the occurrences over and over again to younger people who need to understand the past events that shaped the global relations that exist today. A

Compare and Contrast Country Lovers and The Welcome Essay

Compare and Contrast Country Lovers and The Welcome - Essay Example However, other issues that are related to the study of literary works such as style are usually the same. The thematic concerns that are centered in literary works are also mostly the same. These are the various factors that are discussed when looking at literary works. This paper will be a discussion of two literary works Country Lovers by Nadine Gordimer and The Welcome Table by Alice Walker. Focus will be on content, form, style and setting of the two literary works. These features will be analyzed so as to ascertain the rationalization that they have towards developing the themes of race and ethnicity that are common in both works. All these aspects as pertains to the two stories will be compared and contrasted. Both literary works, Country Lovers and The Welcome Table are short stories. They can be found in a number of collected anthologies. However, despite the fact that they are both story stories, they are quite different. While Gordimer’s story is long and quite detai led, this is not the case in The Welcome Table. This story is quite brief but still manages to pass the message that it was intended to. Through descriptive words, the author has still managed to come up with a plot that is interesting to follow. Therefore, while both literary works are short stories, one is long and much more detailed than the other. This is what contrasts the two literary works of art in terms of form. It also makes them quite interesting to study. ? ­ One aspect that is similar in both Country Lovers and The Welcome Table is the protest about racism; this is followed by the tragic human consequences that this practice comes with. Despite the fact that the stories are written based on the same thematic concerns, the context in which they are written is very different. Moreover, the way in which they are written and the emotional impact that they have on the readers are not the same. For example, whilst Gordimer’s story is written in South Africa when the apartheid regime was rampant, Walker’s story is set in the United States during the post civil war period. These were different historical times that occurred in places that are far apart and the experiences that the characters in this stories had may not have been the same. During the Apartheid system, the law, under the operation of the state was used to impose difficult living conditions on the non-whites in South Africa (Union of South Africa, 2012). This situation can be seen from the text, while Paulus went to school and lived in full comfort and sometimes even enjoying some luxuries, like movies, this was not the same case with Thebedi, she was supposed to do manual labor on the white man’s house with education being a secondary objective to her and the other black children (Gordimer, 1975). This was as per the law that ensured that there was a great disparity between the lives of the blacks and the whites. While this was the situation for the blacks, all wealth , economic and educational opportunities were privileges that were exclusively reserved for the whites in South Africa. On the other hand Walker focuses on the plight that the older rural based African Americans go through. This is through the life of complete slavery that they have been subjected to and they are still subjected to. Even though some reforms were made during the Civil Rights era, there is a lot of subjugation that the blacks

An analysis of the influence of technology on contemporary interior architecture Essay Example for Free

An analysis of the influence of technology on contemporary interior architecture Essay The analysis of the articles is based on the influence of technology on interior architecture education and of employer’s expectations in the interior design industry. This also addresses the issues faced by interior designers in today’s world and how technology is hindering/fostering their creativity. Talking about the article on â€Å"Technology Changing the Face of the Modern Fit out†, it addresses a strong point of how the interior design industry was never considered as a crucial part of the industry and was dealt with a stereotype attitude that interior designers dealt only withthe part of â€Å"decorating† the space until technology gained importance. Technology has now given a 180-degree turn to the industry because of which the industry has finally started gaining the deserved recognition. The underlying point in the article â€Å" is technology hindering or fostering the creativity in interior design†, although is on similar lines like the above mentioned article about the positive aspects of technology, it also talks about the pitfall side of technology on the industry. Their argument is supported with an example cited of a professor from a state university of how although he accepts that the technology has given the students, the most innovative platform to communicate their design ideas, somewhere down the lane, the students who are the prospective interior designers are lacking the basic creative skills and hand drafting techniques. â€Å"Interior Designers’ Perceptions of the Influence †¨of Technology on Workplace Performance† article gives us a different perspective of the influence of technology and how it caters to the interior designers. The statement is supported by examples cited by employees from the industry who have been interviewed of how 2D and 3D software have enabled the designers to get their work done in reduced time in comparison to how it was in the past. It also talks about what the expectations of the employers from new hires are, which includes being efficient in 2D and 3D software which will enable them to be proficient in expressing their design ideas. The other side of the coin is that it is hindering the employers in certain ways. This point is well supported by examples they cite of how in case if the computer crashes the students are unable to come up with a hand made drawing ready for a meeting. The over dependence on the computer has led to this state where the new graduates are finding it tough to inculcate sketching and hand drafting although their competent computer skills enable them to complete a design project in no time. The articles that we have looked at firmly state that the influence of technology has its pros and cons. The use of technology has catered to designers in various ways in terms of the time factor, design output etc. But the basic thing we have to understand is every opportunity has both sides. So technology is definitely fostering the designers but having said that it is better that we don’t become over dependent on it that it hinders our creative and innovative skills of designing.

Prospero in William Shakespeares The Tempest Essay -- Shakespeare T

Prospero in William Shakespeare's "The Tempest" Prospero has long been read as one of Shakespeare’s most cherished and provocative protagonists. His timeless role in â€Å"The Tempest† has provided readers and critics with insights into many attributes of Shakespeare as a man, his works, and the political views that are personified in his play. The historical context of â€Å"The Tempest† is one that convincingly conveys the political views of the English people of his time, relating to the colonization of the New World, the expansion of British powers, and the domination of the indigenous peoples that was necessary for the British to thrive in the Americas. Of course, many people from the 1600’s would argue that domination of these natives would have been completely justified, from this view, Prospero conversely did nothing truly evil in taking rule of the Island from Caliban. However, a modern critic reading or watching a performance of â€Å"The Tempest† may find that Prospero is not very dif ferent from Antonio when standing the play and the colonial era next to each other. The reader will see through basic observation that these two men have more in common than they do in disparity, and more so that he closely resembles the attitude of European colonists settling in the New World. Prospero is simply a ruler, bent for power, and to him, the end justifies the means. The only true difference between Prospero and Antonio may be that that Prospero is not quite as willing to kill as Antonio is, and that he may not be addicted to gaining power and fratricide as Antonio may be. Prospero is capable of forgiveness, as seen in the end of the play. He does not of course carry all the attributes of an evil villain. If Shakespeare wrote an evil p... ...true difference between himself and Antonio. It reinforces the benevolence that is one of Prospero’s characteristics, and also conveys the kindness and grace set upon the native peoples of the English colonies by it’s European rulers: that since they are ignorant and need constant guidance, they are worth forgiving. Works Cited: Brown, Paul/Deborah Willis. William Shakespeare, The Tempest: A Case Study in Critical Controversy. Bedford/St. Martin’s, Boston-New York 2000 Hunter, Heidi. Colonial Women: Race and Culture in Stuart Drama. Oxford University Press. New York, New York. 2001 Merrell, James H. Into the American Woods. W&W Norton and Co. Inc. New York, New York. 1999 Shakespeare, William. The Tempest Washington Square Press. New York, New York. Folger Shakespeare Library edition. 1994

Moral Reasoning across Cultures Essay

Moral reasoning involves an active critical thinking process that evaluates reasons for ethical beliefs (Sunar, 2002). Sometimes individuals may be skeptic about issues related to morality. However, these same people seek to relate their moral opinions with tangible reasons. By doing this, they try to prove the issues that encompass ethics but often end up making common fallacies in moral reasoning. The universal acceptance of moral reasoning or arguments becomes rather problematic as culture seems to play a critical role in the way individuals make moral judgments (Sunar, 2002). To fully appreciate the difference in moral reasoning across cultures, it is important to examine some of the moral questions that have drawn serious debates in history. These moral questions such as euthanasia, abortion, same-sex marriages have been a hurdle due to the differences in cultural practices and beliefs which make some individuals to view an issue as morally correct or morally wrong (Sunar, 2002). But at the same time, there are principals that are universally accepted across cultures and this makes moral reasoning, to some level, be homogenous in intercultural dimensions. Morality can be viewed differently across different psychologists. To evolutionally psychologist, morality is an issue of inheritance implying that if the parents had poor morals, the offspring will not escape but inherit the genes of poor morals (Sunar, 2002). Cognitive psychologists may differ and claim that morality is entirely learnt where a child develops character and morals through experiences and role-taking. The difference in their explanations comes in due to the attempt to answer the disconcerting question on why moral reasoning tends to differ across individuals, gender and cultural levels (Sunar, 2002). There are diverse and pervasive cultural differences in moral principles across cultures, an issue that has made serious debates among cross-cultural psychologists (Sunar, 2002). The thinking of cognitive psychologists as observed in Kohlberg’s cognitive-developmental theory seem to be applicable only to the Western people with liberal values and individualists social forms. In this perspective, social constructionists have given a strong critique on the cognitive-development theory in the understanding of moral reasoning (Bucciarelli, Khemlani & Johnson-Laird, 2008). The social constructionists maintain that every culture is entirely unique with distinct moral systems and meanings and the comparisons in their moral reasoning does not make sense. This argument can be supported by the number of states legalizing abortion. Countries such as Malta, El Salvador and Chile have made abortion to be illegal no matter the condition or the purpose of the procedure (Pregnant Pause, 2002). On the other hand, countries such as Belgium, Belarus, Australia, Bosnia, Cambodia and China have made abortion to be a legal practice for a number of reasons such as social or economic reasons (Pregnant Pause, 2002). A different perspective is held by evolutionary psychologists, psychoanalytic psychologists and cognitive-development psychologists. They all argue that moral reasoning should be uniform across cultures. Psychoanalytic theory claims that the internalization process is deeply rooted in the conflicts between the social life requirements and the individual desires. These factors tend to be universal and therefore moral reasoning is uniform across cultures. Cultures such as same-sex marriages that used to be predominantly in Western countries are slowly finding a place in African countries (Bucciarelli, Khemlani & Johnson-Laird, 2008). This shows that moral reasoning is similar across cultures. Another element of similarities across cultures is the manner in which social institutes such as marriage are conducted. Punishments for poor marriage practices and rewards for good conduct have been shown to increase the observance of the moral principles regardless to cultural differences. Generally, the issue of moral reasoning tends to be both uniform and different across different cultures. There are moral principles that are universally acceptable and some practices will be known to be wrong among all cultures. However, some practices tend to have cultural boundaries where some countries or ethnic groups may restrict certain practices while others allowing the practices. These factors make moral reasoning to differ across cultures. Reference: Bucciarelli, M. , Khemlani, S & Johnson-Laird, P. N (2008). The psychology of moral reasoning. Judgment and Decision Making. 3 (2):121-139. Pregnant Pause (2002). Summary of abortion laws around the world. Retrieved July 15, 2010 from http://www. pregnantpause. org/lex/world02. htm Sunar, D. (2002). The psychology of morality. In W. J. Lonner, D. L. Dinnel, S. A. Hayes, & D. N. Sattler (Eds. ), Online Readings in Psychology and Culture (Unit 2, Chapter 11), Retrieved July 15, 2010 from http://www. ac. wwu. edu/~culture/Sunar. htm

The Wild Child, By Dr. Gene Itard - 1599 Words

If being a social creature is that integral to cognitive, social and emotional development, how would a person whose environment is devoid of any human social stimuli act, speak or behave? A 1970 French film, The Wild Child, delves into this extremity and depicts a savage boy’s trials and tribulations of becoming a cognitively functioning social being through the patient efforts of a physician, named Dr. Gene Itard. The boy lived his first eleven or twelve years in the vast wilderness of a forest with little to no human interaction and after a nearby villager spots the boy in the forest, local law enforcement apprehend the child and bring him into custody. He is sequentially discovered and examined by Dr. Gene Itard, who realizes the boy is either deaf or dumb. At this point of the movie the viewer is bound to question how the boy was able to survive for such a duration on his own. We can conclude, however, that however much or however little cognition the boy had attained thr ough the span of his short life, was enough to survive his misfortune, which can be attributed to the flexible nature of cognition to adapt. This ability to adapt is one of the 7 features of cognition. Throughout the rest of the movie, Dr. Itard painstakingly tries to teach the boy, who he names Victor, to identify and use different vocal sounds to articulate his wants and needs (i.e. food, water, ride on wheelbarrow). Victor gradually starts showing signs of intelligence through this method of vocal